Blue-throated Hummingbird (Lampornis clemenciae)

The Blue-throated Mountain-gem (also sometimes called Blue-throated Hummingbird) is the largest hummingbird that visits the United States. In addition to its size, it is often a very aggressive hummingbird, and when found with other hummingbird species, it may dominate prime feeding areas and aggressively defend them against intruders. Plumage overall is actually rather plain, and even the brilliant blue throat of the male is difficult to see except in prime lighting situations. The nests of the Blue-throated Mountain-gems are unique for hummingbirds visiting the United States, with a covering of moss.

Habitat

In the U.S. portion of its range, the Blue-throated Mountain-gem is almost always found in shady riparian areas in canyons of southern Arizona. In the Mexico portion of its range, they can also be found in open woodland or shrubby habitats.

Diet

Typical diet of Hummingbirds, feeding heavily on nectar. Insects can comprise a large portion of the diet, and the species can often do well on an insect diet when flowering plants are rare.

Behavior

Bold and aggressive. The large size and aggressive behavior results in Blue-throated Mountain-gem often dominating prime feeding areas, including feeder setups.

Nesting

The nest of the Blue-throated Mountain-gem is variable in placement, being found anywhere from near ground level to relatively high in a tree. Nests can be in trees and other vegetation, but are also sometimes placed on man-made structures such as bridges or buildings, or can be placed around a crevice in a cave. The nest is made of plant fibers and spider webs, while the outside of the nest is covered with moss, a unique feature for North American hummingbirds. Nest sites may be re-used for multiple years, with new nests sometimes built right on top of a prior year's nest.

Song

Song of the Blue-throated Mountain-gem is a subtle rattling hiss that repeats. Males are more often heard making a loud, clear seeek call, often repeating over and over again.

Migration

Most birds in the United States migrate southward to Mexico in the fall, although occasionally one may be found overwintering in southern Arizona. Birds in the Mexican part of their range are likely permanent residents.

Interactive eBird Map

Click to access an interactive eBird map of Blue-throated Mountain-gem sightings

Feeders

Will attend hummingbird feeders

Conservation Status

There are some indications that the range of the species has actually expanded in the United States in recent decades, although its range is still extremely limited. Populations otherwise appear to be stable, but they are potentially susceptible to habitat loss in their main Mexican range. The IUCN considers the Blue-throated Mountain-gem to be a species of "Least Concern".

Further Information

Photo Information

Taken in Portal, Arizona - Photo by Bob Lewis