Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor)

The Tricolored Blackbird is a close relative of the Red-winged Blackbird, with primary identification difference being a whitish stripe on the median coverts of the Tricolored Blackbird compared to a yellowish stripe on a Red-winged Blackbird. Tricolored Blackbirds have a very limited geographic range, with most birds found nesting in the central California Valley. Populations have sharply declined in recent decades as wetland habitat in their breeding range has been lost. In addition, breeding birds in agricultural areas often exhibit complete breeding failure when agricultural fields are harvested. Other potential reasons for the decline of the species include pesticide use and killing of birds as agricultural pests.

Habitat

Found in large freshwater marshes during the summer breeding season. At other seasons, can be found in a variety of open habitats where foraging opportunities exist, such as farm fields, pastures, wetlands, and grasslands.

Diet

Feeds heavily on insects and spiders during the summer months. Also feeds heavily on seeds and waste grain, especially during the winter months.

Behavior

Most foraging is done while walking on the ground. Gregarious, usually found foraging with other Tricolored Blackbirds, or other blackbird species.

Nesting

The nest is a cup of wetland vegetation and grasses, built in vegetation at the wetland edge (often using cattails). The female lays between 3 and 5 eggs, and she alone incubates them. Upon hatching, both parents help to feed the young, who leave the nest within 2 weeks.

Song

Song of a Tricolored Blackbird is a harsh descending gurgling series of notes.

Migration

Considered a permanent resident throughout much of its range. However, some birds at the far northern edge of their range will move southward a short distance for the winter. Populations may also move short distances in response to local foraging opportunities.